Automatic spring operated shutter and flash lamp synchronizer



y 1951 H. SCHWARTZ EIAL 2,552,018

- AUTOMATIC SPRING OPERATED SHUTTER AND FLASH LAMP SYNCHRONIZER Filed March 22, 1946 W/LLm/v CAsTEDE-LLO ATTORNEY Patented May 8, 1951 AUTOMATIC SPRING OPERATED SHUTTER AND FLASH LAMP SYNCHRONIZER Hyman Schwartz and William Castedello, Stamford, Conn., assignors to The Kalart Company, Inc., Stamford, Conn.

Application March 22, 1946, Serial No. 656,180

Claims.

This invention relates to a camera shutter and flash lamp synchronizer, and more particularly to mechanical synchronizers for operating a camera shutter and firing a lamp at a selected time relationship with respect to each other.

For best results in the use of photoflash work, the operation of the camera shutter has to be properly timed and synchronized with the flash of the flash lamp so that during the time the shutter is substantially fully open, the photofiash lamp is producing its peak illumination. If the flash of the lamp and the camera shutter were not properly timed, unsatisfactory results are obtained as peak illumination mayoccur either before or after the shutter is fully opened. Proper timing of the shutter and flash lamp are of particular importance when the shutter is operated at high rates of speed, as is the case when the camera is used to take pictures of moving objects. Quickly acting shutters require considerable illumination of the objects to be photographed to attain suflicient density of the negative. Such strong illumination of the object can be attained only when peak illumination and full opening of the shutter coincide.

Flash lamps, as commonly used until recently, require an appreciable period of time to reach peak illumination. This period of time, herein sometimes referred to as lamptime, may be equal to or even greater than the period of time, herein sometimes referred to as shuttertime, required for the shutter to open fully after having been tripped.

More recent developments in the manufacture of flash lamps have resulted in lamps, so-called gaseous discharge lamps or tubes employing mercury and other vapors which will reach peak illumination practically instantaneously and develop a flash of extreme brilliancy and very short duration; a flash time of 1/30,000 of a second has been claimed. As a result the shuttertime becomes considerably longer than the lamp time when lamps or tubes of this type are employed.

One of the objects of this invention is a novel and improved synchronizer for synchronizing shuttertime and lamptime.

Another more specific object of the invention is a novel and improved synchronizer for use in conjunction with flash lamps the lamptime of which is shorter than the shuttertime.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved synchronizer by means of which a definite time relationship between peak illumination and full shutter opening is attainable.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved synchronizer which consists of comparatively few parts, is reliable ant? accurate in operation, and comparatively inexpensive in manufacture.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the invention will appear hereinafter and in the appended claims forming part of the application.

In the accompanying drawing a now preferred embodiment of the invention is shown by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a synchronizer according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the synchronizer according to Fig. 1, the cover plate of the synchronizer casing being removed.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the synchronizer according to Fig. 1, the cover plate and part of the synchronizer mechanism being removed, certain parts of the mechanism being shown in section.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view along line 5-5 of Fig. 2 on an enlarged scale, and

Fig. 6 is a top view of Fig. 1, the cover plate and part of the synchronizer mechanism being removed, certain parts of the mechanism being shown in section.

Referring now to the figures in detail, the synchronizer unit generally designated I0 comprises a casing I I which houses the timing mechanism of the synchronizen. Casing II is closed by a cover plate I2 fastened to the casing by screws. The synchronizer unit can be fastened to a camera or accessories thereof by any suitable means. According to the now preferred embodiment, as shown on the drawings, a bracket I3 is fastened to the bottornof casing II by screws I4. This bracket has a portion I3 provided with guiding prongs or flanges which can be slipped over a corresponding bar fastened to the camera or an accessory thereof, such as a range finder.

The mechanical timing mechanism of the synchronizer unit comprises a plunger rod I5 having an enlarged section I5 integral with rod section I5 or rigidly fastened thereto. Rod I5 is passed through corresponding openings in the side walls of easing I I and extends at both sides therefrom. The right hand end of the plunger rod is guided in a sleeve member I6 axially slidable in the corresponding opening in the side wall of the casing and the left hand end of the plunger rod is guided in a sleeve member I! threaded in the corresponding opening in the opposite side wall of casing l l. A member [8 is slidably supported on rod section lb. The diameter of the hole of this member is smaller than the diameter of rod section it so that member [8 cannot slide over rod section l but will be arrested by the right hand edge thereof. .A'spiralspring is coiled about rod section 55. The left hand-.endof the coil abuts against member "3 and the right hand end against sleeve l6. To secure coil 20, the left end thereof is inserted-in a corresponding recess 2| of member l8 and therightendof the spring in a corresponding recess 22 in sleeve 15. Spring 20 urges member l-B toward'the left and against rod section I5" and sleeve it toward the right.

Movement of sleeve I 6 toward the right isllimited by a flange 23 fastened to the sleeve and pressed by spring 20 against the inside of the correspondin side wall'tof casing II. The action of springill inurgingiflange23 against the inner side wall of easing II is. supported by a single wire-spring 24 which is coiled about a post 25 threaded into'a block .26 fastenedto the bottom 21 of casing II. Leg 24' .of the spring rests against flange 23,. preferably in agroove' 28 thereof,-.to1prevent leg 24 fromslipping off flange "23. Theiother leg'24" ofspring'24 abuts against one I of the side walls of casing l l (the topside wall as seenin-Figs. .2, 3 and6). As a result, spring 25 urges-sleeve l6 alwaysfinto 'theposition shown in Fig. 3. At the bottom side" of member l8 (as seen in Figs. 2, 3 and 6), there is provided a notch whichecoacts with" aznoseSl on a latch 32. 'This latch is pivoted about a pivot-screw ES-fastened to-bottom 2'lioftcasingfl l. A wire spring 34 is wound about a post 35tfastened to latch'fiZ. The ends of the two legs of spring34 abuts against the lower sidewall (asseen in Figs. 3 and 6) of casing llvsothat the-spring'urgesnose'SI 'of latch32 always into-engagement with 'notch 30in member l8.

Sleeve 4-6 is extendedslightly':beyond the right hand end of rod section l5 and provided at its end' withazrecess dll (see Fig.3) -in whichis fitted a head portion 4| fastenedtothe end of rod section 15. :A'button 42 its-threaded upon sleeve l6. As it 'will be apparent'fr'omthe drawings and previous =description, pressure exerted against button 42 toward the left (as seen'in'Fig'. 3) will cause-sleeve 1:6 to? slide toward" the left until head portion M abuts against the inside of'button 42. Then, both, sleeve 'lfiand'theplunger rod will be axially displaced toward the left. A collar 43 made'for' instance of rubberfunctions as a shock absorber when pressure 'is exerted upon button 42.

:Section 15 of the plunger'ro'd coacts with a cable'irelease mechanism generally designate'd' l5. The cable release mechanismmay be of any suitabledesign, conventionalor otherwise. According'to the 'embodimentpas shown in Fig. "3, the cablereleasecomprises 'a release cable 46 includinga core"41. The release cable is operatively connected with the release button of a camera to be operated and will trip this shutter when-cored! is actuated. Release cable 46 terminates-in a socket "48 having internal threads 49 engaging corresponding external threads of sleeve'member ll. C'ore'fll! terminates in a flange 50 which functionsas an abutment for a spiral spring 15:! coiledzabout core 41 and abuting with itsi'other en'd against'thebottom of socket 48. A. locking member 52 is also threaded upon sleeve lilzandemployedto lock-socket 48inplace. Look- 4 ing member 52 further serves to vary the distance between flange 50 and the left hand end of rod section l5, thereby varying the time at which the shutter will be tripped in response to an operation of the synchronizer unit, as will be more fully explained hereinafter.

Socket 48 andlocking member 52 are preferably knurled. to facilitate adjustment 1 of these elements.

The parts of the synchronizer mechanism, as

.here-inbefore' described, serve to trip the shutter when desired. The operation of these parts is as follows:

Let it be assumed that all parts are in positions,

as ishownin Fig. '3 which shows the normal or rest position of the synchronizer mechanism. When'it-is (W desired to release the shutter, theoperator presses button 42, thereby displacingsleeve I 6 and withlit flange 23 towards the left against the action of springs 20 and 24. As soonas button '42 has been moved sufliciently to engage the plunger rod, this rod is also moved toward the'left and axially displaced relative to member '48. This member remains stationarily for the time being as it is locked'by nose 3| engagin notch 30. As a result, spring '20 is compressed until all pa'rts'finally reach positions, as shown-in Fig. 6. The movement of the plunger rod causes core '4'! tobe displaced which conse- 'quently initiates the shutter release movement. The various parts hereinbefore described are pref erably so'a'djusted that in the position of the plungerrod, as shown in Fig. '6 the release button at the camera just reaches or closelyapproaches a" position in which any further movement of "the rod and hence of core '4! will result in'trip'ping of the shutter. Thislatter position of the-"shutter release button is herein sometimes referred to as trip point.

When' button 32 is moved further toward the left, 'fiange"23 will engage a slanted nose'53 (see Fig. 6) 'atlatoh 32 and swing the latch downwardly overcoming the opposite action of spring 34. As a result, nose 3| will be disengaged from notch 30 and the now released spring '28] will thrustmember is toward the left, until abruptly stopped when the left'ha'n'd edge of member 58 abuts against the left hand side wall of casing'l i As soon as member 18 engages the enlarged rod section 5, it will force the plunger rod and hence core l'lfurthertowards the left, thereby releasing the'shutter. Spring 20 is now substantially expanded, and loaded sprin 24 will return sleeve US with button 42, the plunger rod and member l-B into positions as shown in Fig. 3 in which nose 3 re-engages notch 30.

Having described the actuation of the camera shutter by the synchronizer unit, the control of the flash lamp circuit in a predetermined time relationship to the shutter operation will now be.

explained in detail:

Member i8 is provided at its upper side (as seen on the drawings) with a number of teeth 6!) to form a rack engaging a pinion 6|. Pinion 6| is fastened to a flywheel generally designated 62. The flywheel and thepinion are rotatably supported by means of a stud 63 extending from the bottom of casing H and fastened thereto by threads and one of the screws It, also serving to hold bracket 53 (see Fig. 5). Stud 63 penetrates flywheel 62 and has an inner thread at its upper end in which is threaded a head-screw 54. Between the head of this screw and the body of the flywheel, there is provided a clearance 64' so that the flywheel with pinion 6| can freely rotate relative to stud 63. One of the teeth of pinion 6| may be filled in at 65 (see Fig. 3) to limit rotation of the flywheel as caused by teeth 60 of member l8.

Flywheel 62 comprises two sections 61 and 68. Section 61 is provided with a circumferential groove 69 in which is placed a coil sprin 10. One end of this coil spring is fastened within groove 69 by means of a pin H or any other suitable means. The flywheel section 69 is discshaped and covers the open side of groove 69. The other end of spring 10 is fastened to flywheel section 68 by a post 12 or other suitable means. Flywheel section 68 supports a pin or nose 15 which coacts with switch or contact means, generally designated 16 (see Fig. 2). The switch or contact means comprise two contact arms 11 and 18 made of elastic material. These contact arms are so shaped that they are normally separated but moved into contact with each other when engaged by nose or pin 15. Contact arm 11 is connected to a plug 19 and contact arm 18 is connected to a second plug 80. Plugs 19 and 80 are insulated from casing II and each other by means of insulation bushings 8| and 82 respectively. It is of course also possible to connect one of the plugs to casing l I directly. However, if gaseous discharge lamps of the type hereinbefore mentioned are used, it is preferable to insulate both plugs from the casing, as such lamps require a voltage of about 300 volts for operation.

Plugs 19 and 80 are connected in a conventional manner with the flash lamp circuit (not shown) so that a closing of switch means (6 causes a flring of the lamp.

The operation and control of the lamp circuit is as follows:

As previously described, a movement of the plunger rod and member I8 towards the left beyond the position shown in Fig. 6 will cause a rapid thrust of member I 8 further to the left until member 18 is stopped by the left end wall of casing II. This latter movement of member l8 will cause flywheel 62 to spin in clockwise direction. While the flywheel is rotated by the engagement between the rack at member [8 and pinion 6|, both the sections of the flywheel will move together. As can best be seen from Fig. 2, coil spring 10 is arranged in such a manner that it tends to rotate flywheel section 68 in a counterclockwise direction relative to flywheel section 61. The coil spring is substantially contracted either in the rest position of the mechanism or while the flywheel is spinning during movement of member l8. As soon as member l8 reaches the end of its sliding movement towards the left, rotation of pinion B! is abruptly stopped, filledin tooth 65 of the pinion being so positioned that it reaches a tooth 69 of member 18 substantially simultaneously with the stopping of this member. Flywheel section 6! will be stopped together with pinion 6 I, this fly wheel section being fastened to pinion 6 I. Flywheel section 68, however, will continue rotation in clockwise direction due to the force of inertia and against the action of coil spring 10 now being expanded by the inertia movement of section 68. After a certain inertia movement of flywheel section 68, nose 15 will engage and close switch means 16. As soon as the force of inertia is substantially exhausted, spring 10 will contract again and return flywheel section 68 and with it nose 15 into the position shown in Fig. 2. As will be apparent from the previous description, the number of revolutions or fractions thereof, (depending on the gear ratio between the rack and the pinion), as caused by the movement of member I8 is a constant one. The speed of the rotation of the flywheel is also constant, or at least always in a fixed time relationship to the speed of member I8. Furthermore, the speed and the distance of the inertia movement of flywheel 68 are constant. Consequently, the period of time which passes between release of member l8 for causing tripping of the shutter and the moment at which contacts 11 and 18 are closed to cause firing of the flash lamp is also a constant one. This period of time can be so selected as to allow the shutter to open ubstantially fully before the flash lamp is fixed. (As previously explained, the flash lamp reaches peak illumination practically instantaneously.)

As will be apparent, the period of time passing between release of member [8 and closing of switch means 16 can be varied by various means, for instance by adjusting the relative positions of nose l5 and contact arms Ti and 18, the strength of spring 10, the gear ratio between pinion and rack, or the strength of spring 20. A change of the strength of the latter spring will also affect the period of time passing between release of member l8 and the full opening of the shutter. The latter time can further be varied by adjustment of locking member 52. By employing one or more of these various means of adjustment the desired time relationship can always be obtained. Having now described the structure and operation of the synchronizer mechanism in detail, it will be apparent that the following sequence of operations will take place:

1. Manual movement of the various parts from the position, as shown in Fig. 3 into the position as shown in Fig. 6. This movement of parts is preparatory and can be used to place the release button at the camera in or near the trip point position. Any variation of the speed of this movement does not affect the synchronizing operation of the synchronizer.

2. Movement ofmember l8 from the position, as shown in Fig. 6 into a position in which the member rests against the left hand side of the casing. During this movement the shutter is tripped and begins to open. At the completion of the movement of member l8 the shutter may be fully opened orpartly opened but in any event, it must be so adjusted'that it will remain fully opened a certain period of time after completion of the movement of member l8.

3. Beginning of the inertia movement of flywheel section 68. This movement begins after the completion of the movement of member I8 and is so timed that it will be completed simultaneously with the shutter reaching full opening or while the shutter is still fully opened.

In the previous specification, the invention has been described in conjunction with a flash lamp. It should be noted in this connection that the usefulness of theinvention is not limited to flash lamps of the type referred to, but that a sym chronizer according to the invention can be employed for the control of any other suitable source of light.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to a now preferred example and embodiment it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention, various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended therefore in the appended claims, to cover all such changes and modifications.

agsszgois 7 What isaclaimedas new and desired to be+secured-by Letters Patent is:

'l. :Ina-device for operating a camera shutter and azphotofiash lamp in a predetermined time relationship to each a other, in combination shutter :re'lease means, a manually movable plunger constructed and arranged to coact with the release m'eansof the shuttervfor operating the same,

acontrol'member movable relative to the plunger and engageable with the same in-a predetermined ,position relativeto the plunger, springmeans coacting with thecontrol member for urging the sameinto engagement with'the plunger, locking means coasting with the control memberfor locking'the same against displacementby the action of the spring 'means, -said spring means being arranged to be loaded by a movement of said plunger through a first predetermined distance relative to the control member, release means operative in response to a movement of the piunger'through more than said first predetermined distance to release said locking means for causing the spring means to move the movablecontrol member and saidlatter member to engage the plunger, thereby moving the same through a second predetermined distance, said secondmovementof the plunger causing the plunger to actuate the shutter release means, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a rotary member comprising two relatively rotatable portions, one of said portions being operatively connected with the movable member for rotation of aid portion in response to and during movement of the movable control member, the second portion being yieldably connected with thefirst portion, said second portion being constructed to rotate together with the'first portion and to continuerotation by inertia when the rotation of the first portion is terminated, and a control element supported on said second portion and constructed to actuate said switch means after a predetermined inertia movement of said second portion, thereby controlling the flash lamp circuit, said predetermined inertia movement being selected relative to the time of operation of the shutter so as to allow for substantially complete shutter opening before. actuation of said switch means.

2. In a device for operating a camera shutter and a photoflash lamp in a predetermined time relationship to each other, shutter release means extending from said device to said camera shutter, a manually movable plunger rod constructed and arranged to coact with'the release means of the shutter for operating the same, a control member slidable on the plunger rod and engageable with the same in a predetermined position of the member relative to the plunger rod, a spring engaging the control member for urging the same into engagement with the'rod, a latch coacting with the control member and biased into a position locking the control member against displacement by the spring, the said spring being arranged to be loaded by a movement of said plunger rod for a predetermined distance relative to the control member, release means operative in response to a movement of said plunger rod through'more'than said predetermined distance to release said latch for causing the energy stored in said spring member to operate said slidable member to engage and further operate said plunger rod for actuation of said shutter release means by the plunger rod thereby tripping said camera shutter, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a rotary member comprising two relativelyirotatable portions, one of said portions being operatively connected with the slidable member for rotation of the said portion in response to-operation of the slidable member, the second portion being yieldably connected with the first portion, said second portion being constructed to rotate together with the first portion and to continue rotation by inertia when the rotation of the first portion is terminated, and a, control element supported by said second portion and constructed to actuate said switch means after a predetermined inertia movement of said second portion, therebycontrolling the flash lamp circuit,'said predetermined inertia movement being selected relative .to the time of operation of the-shutter so as to allow for a substantially complete shutter opening before actuation of said switch means.

3. In a device for operating a camera shutter and a photoflash lamp in a predetermined time relationship-toeach other, in combination shutterrelease means, amovable plunger constructed andarranged to coact with the release means of the shutter for operating the same, a toothed control member movable relative to the plunger and engageable with the same in a predetermined position relative to the plunger, spring means 'coacting with the control member for urging the same into engagement with the plunger, locking means coacting with the control member for locking the same against displacement by the action of the spring means, said spring means being arranged to be loaded-by a movement of said plungerthrough a first predetermined distance relative to the control member, release means operative in response to a movement of the plunger through more than said first predetermined distance torelease said looking meansfor causing-the spring means to move the movable member and said .latter member to engage the plunger, thereby moving the same through a second predetermined distance, said second movement of the plunger causing the plunger to actuate the shutter release means, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a flywheel composed of two relatively rotatable sections, a .pinion fastened to one of said sections and engaging the teeth of said movable memberfor rotation thereby, resilient means operatively connecting the secondflywheel section with the first one, said resilient-means being constructed andpositioned to yield so as to permit the second flywheel section to continue rotation by :inertia when the first flywheel section terminates its rotation in response to the termination of the movement of said movable member, and a projection extending from the second flywhee1 "section and positioned to actuate said switch means after a predetermined inertia movement of the second flywheel section, thereby controlling the flash lamp circuit, said predetermined inertia movementbeing selected relative to the timed operation of theshutter so as to allow for a substantially complete shutter openingbefore actuation of said switch means.

4. In a device for operating a camera shutter and a 'photoflash lamp in a selected time relationship to each other, in combination shutter release-means, a movable plunger constructedto operate the shutter release means, a movable member constructed to engage said plunger and provided with-teeth, spring means arranged to coact with said second movable member, lockingmeans to lock the movable member against action; of ,the spring means, displacement :of they plunger through a first predetermined distance causing storage of energy in said spring means, means operative in response to a movement of the plunger through more than said first predetermined distance to release said locking means for causing the spring means to move the movable member and said latter member to engage the plunger, thereby moving the same through a second predetermined distance, said second movement of the plunger causing the shuttler release means to be actuated, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a flywheel composed of two relatively rotatable sections, a pinion fastened to one of said sections and engaging the teeth of said movable member for rotation in response to a movement of the said member, one of said wheel sections having a circumferential groove, a spring placed in said groove, means for fastening one end of the said spring to one section and the other end to the other section, thereby yieldably connecting the two flywheel sections, the said spring being arranged to yield for continued rotation of the second flywheel section by inertia when the first flywheel section terminates its rotation in response to a termination of the movement of said movable member, and a projection extending from the second flywheel section positioned to engage and close said switch means upon said rotation of the second flywheel section due to inertia, thereby controlling the flash lamp circuit.

5. In a device of the type described for operating a camera shutter and a photoflash lamp in a predetermined time relationship to each other, a shutter release means extending from said device to said camera shutter, a plunger rod, a member slidable on said rod, said slidable member having teeth forming a rack, a spring coacting with said member for displacement of the same, manual displacement of said plunger rod through a first predetermined distance causing storage of energy in said spring, latch means for locking said slidable member against movement of the member relative to the rod by action of said spring, release means operative in response to a movement of said plunger rod through more than said first predetermined distance to release said latch means for causing the energy stored in said spring during the first predetermined movement of said plunger to be released to operate said slidable member to engage and further operate said plunger rod and to actuate said shutter release means for tripping said camera shutter, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a flywheel composed of two relatively rotatable sections, a pinion fastened to one of said sections and engaging said rack for rotation in response to an operation of the slidable member, one of said sections having a circumferential groove facing the other section, a coil spring placed in said groove, means for fastening one end of the coil spring to one section and the other end to the other section, thereby yieldably coupling the flywheel sections together, said coil spring being constructed to expand thus permitting the second flywheel section to continue its rotation by inertia when the first flywheel section terminates its rotation after the slidable member has completed its operating, and a nose at the second flywheel section positioned to engage and close said switch means after a predetermined inertia rotation by the second flywheel section, thereby controlling the flash lamp circuit, said predetermined inertia rotation by being selected relative to the time of operation of the shutter so as to allow for substantially complete shutter opening before actuation of said switch means.

6. In a device of the class described for operating a camera shutter and a photoflash lamp in a predetermined time relationship to each other, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a rotary member, and means for rotating the rotary member, said rotary member comprising two relatively rotatable portions, one of said portions being operatively connected with the rotating means for rotation of said portion by the rotating means, spring means fastened at one endzto said first portion and at the other end to said second portion for yieldably connecting the said two portions, said second portion being constructed to rotate conjointly with the first portion'and to continue rotation by inertia 'against' theiaction'of the spring means when the-rotation of the first portion is terminated, and a control element controlled by said second portion and constructed to actuate said switch means after a predetermined inertia movement of said second portion, thereby controlling the flash lamp circuit.

'7. In a device of the class described for operating a camera shutter and a photoflash lamp in a predetermined time relationship to each other, switch means for controlling a flash lamp circuit, a flywheel, and means for rotating the flywheel, said flywheel comprising two relativ ly rotatable portions, one of said portions being operatively connected with the rotating means for rotation of the flywheel by said means, spring means fastened at one end to the second flywheel portion and at the other end to the first flywheel portion, said spring means being constructed and positioned to yield thereby permitting the second flywheel portion to continue rotation by inertia against the action of the spring means when the rotation of the first flywheel portion is terminated in response to a termination of the movement of the rotating means, and a projection extending from the second flywheel portion and positioned to actuate said switch means after a predetermined inertia movement of the second flywheel portion, thereby controlling the flash lamp circuit.

8. A device as described in claim 4, wherein said flywheel comprises two substantially cylindrical sections, and a common axle rotatably supporting said two sections, one above the other.

9. A device as described in claim 4, wherein said flywheel comprises two substantially cylindrical sections, and a common axle rotatably supporting said two sections, one above the other, and wherein the flywheel section fastened to said pinion includes said circumferential groove.

10. In a device of the type described for operating a camera shutter and a photoflash lamp in a selected time relationship to each other, a control member mounted for movement from an inactive terminal position into an active terminal position, said control member being arranged to effect actuation of the release means of the shutter upon movement into its active terminal position, resilient means coacting with the control member and adapted to move the same into its active position, means coacting with said resilient means for loading the same to render the resilient means operative for the aforesaid purpose, locking means for locking the control member against movement of the loaded resilient means, release means for releasing the control member thereby causing the resilient means to become.

onerative forv movement of. thecontrol memten.

switch. meansfor controllin a flash. lamp oir: cuit, a rotary member comprising. two. relative 1y rotatable p rtions; ne i of said portions bein operatively connected with. the movable. member for; rotationof saidv portion in response. to and;

during movement. of the movable control memher, the second portion being. yieldebly connect-. d-withthe firs portion. said second portion being-qonstructed to. rotate togetherwith the first it p rt on. and to continue. rotation by. in rtia. when.

the; rotation ofthe; firstportion is terminated, and; a; controi element; supported on .1 said second porti n and; onstructed to. actuate said. switch 1 .9% iter. epredetermined inertia, movement so sec nd; ortion,-. thereby contr n the t amps-tire 12- said predetermined inertia,v mo e .e t; ein selected relative tothe time-of. perat on. f; the shutter. so; as: to allow: for sub-4..

stantial'ly complete;shutten op nin q before: ace:

tuetionzoiseidrswitchmeansi.

; SCHWARTZ; WILLIAM; CASTEDELLQ.

REFERENCES. CITED-- Thefollowing references are of record in thetile of this patent:

UNITED S'I .113 5 PATENTS ,253,0 6: Mend sohne a1 NOV; 18', 1.9 

